BANDITS ON THE BORDER: The Last Frontier In the Search For Somali Unity

In the early 1990s, Somalia was in the spotlight for factionalism as warlords, clans, and sub-clans doggedly wrenched their fiefdoms from the state through bloody civil wars. In contrast, thirty years earlier the Somali were pre-occupied with the struggle to unite the five Somali-inhabited enclaves of the Horn of Africa into one “Greater Somalia.” Bandits on the Border revisits the pan-Somalia nationalism of the 1960s when Kenyan Somalis attempted to secede and join the Somalia State that had been created after the merger of the former British Somaliland with the Italian Trusteeship.

This book is the first insider’s analysis of the so-called Shifta secessionist war of the early 1960s and its degeneration into apolitical banditry in the former Northern Frontier Districts of Kenya (NFD). The author argues that in the late 1950’s Britain’s crumbling colonial empire was beyond salvage, and having just fought the Mau Mau, the colonial power could not risk another protracted war in Kenya. Therefore, it put off a resolution of the “Somali question” until it handed over political power to Jomo Kenyatta’s government. Nevertheless, having neglected and insulated the Somali community/region from the mainstream Kenyan society for sixty years, Britain bequeathed Kenyatta an advanced security problem that required time and long-term economic investment to bring under control.

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